Bee Varieties Assortment
Regarding 2009 in order to 2018, 192 bee varieties (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) was indeed trapped into the Calanques National Playground via one another websites and you will pan pitfall stuff. They belonged so you can half dozen parents and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae try the most species-rich members of the family, followed closely by Apidae and you can Halictidae, with 53, forty two, and 43 kinds, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 is the fresh new wealthiest genus, with 33 varieties, while seven genera was portrayed from the singular species (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Dining table step one [on the internet only] ). Making use of the jackknife 1 and you will dos spiders, the entire bee types fullness are estimated is ranging from ± nine.89 and you will ± . New seen fullness thus portrayed 71.step 3 so you can 79.6% of one’s estimated bee richness ( Dining table 2). The latest Chao1 means projected the new observed fullness as 76.8% of one’s prospective limitation fullness ( Desk 2). The quintessential abundant species was Apis mellifera L. (276 anybody), followed by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you can 168 anybody, respectively), and you can Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 some one). Eventually, fifty varieties (26%) had been portrayed by just one personal (singletons).
Environmental Characteristics out of Bees
Regarding your environment qualities of nesting preferences, we understood 59 unmarried bee types nesting over surface, ninety five unmarried bee kinds nesting underground and 23 cleptoparasitic varieties, equal to 31.eight, 47.nine, and you will a dozen.0% of your own full bee types fullness, correspondingly. We recognized five public species (bumble bees and you may honey bees-dos.1%). Eventually, the latest nesting tastes of 14 varieties are still unknown (7.3%- Supp Dining table step 1 [on the internet simply] ). Regarding the flowery diet out of bee species, we found that 105 species (54.7%) foraged towards a variety of plant types (i.e., generalist variety, polylectic) and you can 51 varieties (twenty six.5%) foraged using one plant relatives otherwise one to/couples plant kinds (we.age., specialist kinds, oligolectic). For the leftover 36 bee species (18.8%), the fresh flowery diet wasn’t recognized (elizabeth.grams., to have cupid cleptoparasitic variety). However, extremely generalist variety presented a desires for just one otherwise several plant family members ( Supp Dining table step 1 [on the internet just] ). On the 44 singletons, 14 bee species (28%) was professionals, and nine bee types (18%) was in fact cleptoparasitic ( Supp Desk 1 [on line only] ).
A keen IUCN standing is actually available for 178 types (leaving out new varieties buildings and unidentified kinds). Some of those, 47 types have been categorized just like the data lacking (DD-twenty-six.4%), 124 species have been least worried (LC-69.6%), half a dozen kinds had been close threatened (NT-step 3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you will L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and one varieties are noticed endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Table step one [on the internet simply] ). Around three oligolectic variety was indeed one of many 7 endangered bee species. A great. ovatula and you can C. albomaculatus are specialist with the Fabaceae, D. argentata is a professional toward Caprifoliaceae.
Regarding 2009 in order to 2018, 38 types of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) had been trapped into the Calanques National Park. They belonged to help you 24 genera ( Supp Desk 2 [on the internet simply] ). The quintessential abundant genera were Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 someone), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 someone), and you may Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville within the Latreille, 1828 (thirteen anybody), while 20 variety (53%) was depicted of the singular private ( Supp Dining table dos [online merely] ). The latest bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was indeed depicted by 20 kinds, in addition to five singletons (25%) ( Supp Dining table step three [on the web simply] ). The fresh quote regarding overall species richness regarding hover flies and you can bee flies is actually between 83 and you will 97 species utilising the jackknife 1 and dos spiders, correspondingly. Consequently, new seen fullness portrayed 59.8–69.9% of your own projected hover fly and you may bee fly richness ( Desk dos).